Regulator of gas-burners



c WILLIAM MALLEED, oE BROOKLYN, NEw YORK.

. `mieuLATOE or Gas-BUmvEEs.`

specification ef Letters Patent No. 11,167, dated June 27, 1854.

To all whom t may concern v Be it knownlthat I, WILLJAM MALLEED, of

i the city of Brooklyn, in the county ofgKings ticular as follows.

and State of New York, have invented a new and useful Improvement inGasBurners; and I do hereby declare that the following `is afull, clear, and exact description of the saine, reference being had to the annexed drawings, making part of this specification, in which-` i c `Figure Agis a longitudinal section; B.,

is a representationofthe inner `and lower portion of the gas-burner; and C., is a full view of the complete gas-burner. i c y The nature of `myiinvention consists in constructing my gas-burner so as to make `it self-regulating; that isf-capable of adjusting itself to meet the changes of the pressure of gas under any and all circumstances, which would cause ordinary gas-burners to smoke, or blow; thus wasting gas, which in such case goes ofi" to some extent uncon` sumed. I accomplish my `design in thisparof my gas-burner, or tube, shown in Fig. B.,

, and in section Fig. A., No` fl., I`p'lace sevl leral cups made of brass, tin or other materials. I prefer tin or metal, coated with `tin, each cup having `on its upper surface three or more small pin pointed conicalA projections; and on its under surface Va raised knife-edged ring, i, encircling the orifice through which the gas passes when admitted into the burner. The `cups are shown as No. l, l, l, l, Fig. A. The upper` surface with the conical points at No. 5, the under I side with the raised ring at No. 6. The mev to.

i tallic` cups forni chambers in which I place circular valves of thin sheet metal, `of a diameter slightly less than that of the cups No. 2, 2, 2, Fig. A, having holes through their centersyNo. 7, somewhat smallerthan those which are pierced through the cups. I make theperforation` through the cups of such `size as `to supply the burner at the lowest pressure which the burner is adapted Thedisk valves I make very thin and light; the largest opening through any, of them, being less than thoselthrough the cups. The opening through the second valve being slightly lessfthan that through the first; and that through the third being still lessthan that through the second. I have not contemplated` more `than i three valves, as I find they will preserve a satisfactory uniformity of light and consumption of Into the inner portion` gas, from a pressure of an inch (water- `gage) to a pressure of 3.1; inches-a pressure seldom reached. The disk valves vary also slightly in weight-the thickness being greater as the size of its perforation is less. lVhen `the gas enters the cup at the proper suchthat they remain unmoved and the gas passes to the tipa jetof the'burner, both through and around the valves which oer "but very slight obstruction. But when the pressure increases the current of gaslifts the lightest valve and carries it upward, obstructing the passage, and if the pressure be great enough will carry it up firm against the ring encircling the perforation in the cup,"and allow no gas to pass to theJA jet, exceptwhat passes through the perforation in the disk` `This being smaller than the perforation in the cup will diminish the streamof gas in size, in proportion to its pressure for y producing the required light, or flame, the weights of the valves are increased velocity, andthus furnish to the jet about the same quantity of gas 'as if` the pressure had not increased. The next valve being heavier than the first, is not disturbed by the pressure required to raise the first; but if the pressure` becomes too great to allow the `quantity of gas to be regulated by the first valve, or disk the current of gas will bring the second `into action in the same c manner asthe` first acted; and its perforation being `smaller than that of the first disk, the size of the stream will again be diminished in proportion to its velocity; and the requiredquantity` ofgas thus furnished to the jet., will not be materially changed. When the `pressure of gasis again increased so as to bring the thirdvalve into action, its operation will be fully `understood from the foregoingdescription, and it will readily be perceived that the consumption of gas, and the quantity and, degree of light,are rendered` substantially the `same whether the pressure is j an inch or inches, or` atany poiiitbetweenthese limits. If the pressure diminishes the action of the valves will be reversedy to such an extent as will preserve nearly a uniform action of the gas-burner. `The advantage of the ring for the valve to rest against, when raised, will be full understood when it is recollected` that the joints between the valve and ring are nearly gas tight; and therefore, if the valves rest decreases, with sufficient readings to preserve the desired uniformity. Less pressure would keep the valve up than would carry it up.

By my arrangement the saving of the gas, as well as the improved uniformity of the light, and the exemption from smoking and blowing are obvious from the foregoing,

It is also obvious that instead of the cups,

cannot be accurately set forth, and the perforations through them would'vary from similar causes.

The following sized cups answer a good purpose. rlhe cups at No. l, 1,1, l, Fig. A, are made of tinned sheet copper and are about fgof an .inch in diameter, and about 12.- ofan linch deep. The valves or disks at No. 2, 2, 2, and No. 7, are made of thin sheet brass tinned over. No. l, disk is made .l of No. 32 sheet brass, and is about T4@ of an inch in diameter with a perforation in the center, about lg of aninch in diameter.

No. 2, disk or valve is made of No. 80 sheet brass. same diameter but perforation I slightly less. No. 3 disk or valve is made of No. 28 sheet brass,'preforation still less than'No. 2 valve. y

In order to distribute the gas to the best advantage, I elongate the upper part of the inner portion Fig. B. of my gas-burner into a sort of cone, around the base of which I pierce several small holes as shown in the Fig. B. This object may be obtained in various ways as by fixing a plate pierced with holes in the upper part of the burner;

or a plate without holes, small enough to admit the gas to flow around it or by placing a fifth cup over the fourth one as shown in Fig. A., making holes in its sides 1 v or top. I however prefer the plan I now adopt as being a simplifying of the manufacture ofthe burners. The arrangement of the chambers, formed by the cups may also be changed withoutdeparting from the principle of my invent-ion. I prefer the plan I adopt, for the same reason as the one I gave for employing the cone in the distribution of gas.

The regulating principle may be adapted to any gas burner, or it may be attached to the gas-meter, or placed in the main orl in the distributing pipes. I prefer regulating at the jet because such a course is free from several objections which might be urged against regulating at the meter service, or distributing pipes.

It is an established rule to manufacture gas burn-ers to stand or burn at certain pressures'adapted to different localities. Seven tenth pressure is consideredr the lowest. Burners are also ymade to standy a pressure of 2 inches or more; by diminishing the orifice of the jet. They will not give a sufficient light at even a pressure of an inch lower and will blow at about l? an. inch above any set pressure.

I make my burner to operate at less pressure than ordinary gas burners. v'llhe gas flies off often with such velocity that it simply produces ,a bluish flame, not giving so strong and brillianta light as when passed through my new gas-burner, which is very readily perceived when tested by a photometer or otherwise.

Havingdescribed the nature of my` invention and shown the manner inwhich I carry the same into effect, what I claim is.

1. The perforated cups orvpartitions, with their edged rings encircling the perforation, in combination with the perforated disk-valve and the pin points to support it.

2. The series of two or more valve chambers as described with their thin valves as described, each succeeding valve having a smaller perforation than the preceding one, and a slight increase of weight, the whole arranged and operating substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

3. Making the holes in the jet' so as to burn at low pressure in combination with a regulator.

wiLLiAM MALLERD- Signed in presence of- W. P. N. FITZGERALD, SAML. GRUBB. 

